Prototype design pattern

Prototype design pattern is a creational pattern that allows you to create new objects by copying or cloning existing objects, without knowing their specific class. It’s like making a photocopy of something instead of creating it from scratch.

Key components of the Prototype pattern include:

1. Prototype Interface: Defines a method for cloning itself, typically named something like clone().
2. Concrete Prototypes: Implement the cloning method defined in the prototype interface to create copies of themselves.
3. Client: Requests to create new objects by cloning existing prototypes, rather than creating them directly.

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~:Sample code for Prototype design pattern:~

// Prototype interface
interface CarPrototype {
    CarPrototype clone();
    void configure(String color, String engine, String wheels);
    void printDetails();
}

// Concrete prototype: Car
class Car implements CarPrototype {
    private String color;
    private String engine;
    private String wheels;

    public Car() {
        // Default constructor
    }

    // Clone method
    public CarPrototype clone() {
        Car clonedCar = new Car();
        clonedCar.setColor(this.color);
        clonedCar.setEngine(this.engine);
        clonedCar.setWheels(this.wheels);
        return clonedCar;
    }

    // Configure method
    public void configure(String color, String engine, String wheels) {
        this.color = color;
        this.engine = engine;
        this.wheels = wheels;
    }

    // Print details method
    public void printDetails() {
        System.out.println("Car Details:");
        System.out.println("Color: " + color);
        System.out.println("Engine: " + engine);
        System.out.println("Wheels: " + wheels);
        System.out.println();
    }

    // Getters and setters
    public String getColor() {
        return color;
    }

    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

    public String getEngine() {
        return engine;
    }

    public void setEngine(String engine) {
        this.engine = engine;
    }

    public String getWheels() {
        return wheels;
    }

    public void setWheels(String wheels) {
        this.wheels = wheels;
    }
}

// Client code
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Create a prototype car
        CarPrototype prototypeCar = new Car();
        prototypeCar.configure("Red", "V6", "Alloy");

        // Clone the prototype car to create new instances
        CarPrototype car1 = prototypeCar.clone();
        CarPrototype car2 = prototypeCar.clone();

        // Print details of the cloned cars
        car1.printDetails();
        car2.printDetails();
    }
}